Selective documentary genealogy · 1961–2026
A history of security enforced by hardware
From supervisor modes and protected memory to attestation, trusted execution, confidential computing, and microarchitectural state.
Recomposed Enforcement Paths · working paper v5
The complete comparative paper studies how protected objects, mediated paths, and persistent states were recomposed across historical mechanisms. The five operations are a provisional analytical tool, not a historical term used by the sources.
Read the complete v5 paper. The archived v4.4 evidence explorer remains available separately, with 38 manuscript references and 14 site supplements.